Connect Zoho CRM Data with AdWords Using Scripts

For anyone working in B2B Pay Per Click, one of the biggest headaches is trying to report on the entire sales flow within a single report. The biggest issue is that marketing PPC data lives in AdWords (clicks, impressions, MQLs) and the sales data lives in your CRM (Leads, Contacts, Opportunities, Etc.). So I started looking at ways to connect the two sources of data. I don't use a CRM, so I signed up for a free trial of Zoho CRM and started fiddling with their API. It turns out, they have a REST(ish) API that returns JSON objects, which is perfect for AdWords scripts.

I built the Class below to pull data out of Zoho. It has the ability to pull Leads, Contacts, Potentials and just about any other Zoho object you can think of directly from your CRM. I stopped at just being able to get data out since updating or deleting records seemed less useful for AdWords scripts.

Here is a quick reference guide to the Class. Define a new object with var zoho = new ZohoApi(YOUR_API_TOKEN); If you need help setting up your account for API access or generating a token, check out the Zoho Developer Docs. I generated some simple getters for each Zoho object. ZohoApi.get[Objects]() will pull in all of the particular object. So you can say zoho.getLeads() or zoho.getPotentials(). You can also get only those objects belonging to you with zoho.getMyLeads().

If you have any additional url parameters you want to send over with the request, you can add them as a parameter to the function. For example, if you wanted to return the first 100 records (instead of the default 20), you would say zoho.getLeads({fromIndex:1,toIndex:100});

You can also search for records using zoho.search[Objects](). So to search for Potentials that have been won, you would say zoho.searchPotentials({'searchCondition':'(Stage|=|Closed Won)'}); You can read more about Zoho's searchCondition syntax in their API Docs. As part of that, you can put the columns you want to see or if you don't put anything in there, I pull the full set of columns to display for you using the get[Objects]Fields() method.

As for the response from the class, you will get an array of objects. Each key in the object has been lowercased with spaces replaced by underscores. For example, retVal[0].first_name or retVal[0].annual_revenue.

So give it a shot and let me know what you think in the comments. I put together a simple example script at the very bottom of this post to store Impressions, Clicks, Conversions, and Closed Won Potentials in a Google Doc on a daily basis to give you an idea of what you can do. Let me know what you would like to see next.

Thanks,
Russ



And here is a really simple example of how you could combine conversion data from multiple sources into a single Google Spreadsheet report.

Monitor Broken Links Using MCC Level Scripts

Note: I recommend you take a look at the official solution from the AdWords Scripts team before implementing this solution.

For anyone who didn't know, they are finally here in Beta form. AdWords scripts are now available at the MCC level. If you want access to these beta features, all you need to do is apply here and wait for the team at Google to give you access.

So what's new with MCC level scripting? The full details are at the Google Developers page, but here is a summary. You can now kick off selectors on Accounts by using the MccApp object. Filtering by stats is the same as other selectors only now you run it at the account level.  As you work through each Account, once you set the account you want to work on using MccApp.select(), everything works just like it used to.

The one new function you will probably want to take advantage of is executeInParallel() which allows you to execute the same code across up to 50 accounts at the same time. So you can kick off a reporting script to run across all of your accounts, then collect the results and send a single email or store it to a single spreadsheet. Also, scripts can now run up to 60 minutes using this method since you get 30 minutes of execution time to run the code on each account and 30 minutes to collect the results from the callback function.

To get you started with the new MccApp object, I thought I would take one of my most popular posts and rewrite it to run at the MCC level. Finding Broken Urls in your Account is a great example of how you can leverage the new executeInParallel() function to improve the monitoring of your MCC.

This script works very similarly to the previous script but has a few added features.  This script will check all your Keyword and Ad urls once per day. When you install this script, you should schedule it to run hourly in case there is a large account which can't be processed in the allotted timeframe, it can pick up from where it left off and continue processing. It controls this internally using labels.

Also, the results of this script are stored in a new spreadsheet for each run. I had issues with the last one where the script would overwrite the values in the spreadsheet before I had a chance to look at them. This eliminates that issue.  The spreadsheet is accessed from a summary email that looks like this, with each row containing a link to the spreadsheet tab with that account's results.

An Example Email from the Script

There are a few other features such as the ability to notify you when errors occur, report on redirects, and setting any number of response codes you are looking for.  Take it for a test drive and let me know what you think in the comments.

Also, just a quick note that I am getting back in the swing of things after getting married at the end of March so look for a much more frequent posting schedule. I am speaking at the Marketing Festival in Brno, Czech Republic at the end of October so I look forward to meeting anyone who can make it.

Thanks,
Russ

/******************************************
* Monitor Broken Links Using MCC Level Scripts
* Version 1.5
* Changelog v1.5
*   - Additional fixes from copy and paste errors
* Changelog v1.4
*   - Fixed INVALID_QUERY error
* Changelog v1.3
*   - Added previous version of report api to script until
*     I update my urls.
* Changelog v1.2
*   - Fixing INVALID_PREDICATE_ENUM_VALUE
* Changelog v1.1
*   - Stopped timeouts 
* Created By: Russ Savage
* FreeAdWordsScripts.com
******************************************/
var SCRIPT_NAME = 'Broken Url Checker';
var LOG_LEVEL = 'error'; //change this to debug if you want more logging
var NOTIFY = [''];
var SPREADSHEET_PREFIX = 'Broken Url Details'; // A timestamp is appended 
var NOTIFY_ON_ERROR = [''];
var STRIP_QUERY_STRING = true; //Drop everything after the ? in the url to speed things up
var REPORT_ON_REDIRECTS = true; //If you want to be able to track 301s and 302, turn this on
var VALID_RESPONSE_CODES = [200,301,302];
var URLS_CHECKED_FILE_NAME = 'UrlsAlreadyChecked-'+AdWordsApp.currentAccount().getCustomerId()+'.json';
var DONE_LABEL_PREFIX = 'All Urls Checked - ';
  
function main() {
  MccApp.accounts().withLimit(50).executeInParallel('checkUrls', 'reportResults'); 
}
    
function checkUrls() {
  try {
    debug('Processing account: '+AdWordsApp.currentAccount().getName());
      
    debug('Checking to see if we finished processing for today.');
    var dateStr = Utilities.formatDate(new Date(), AdWordsApp.currentAccount().getTimeZone(), 'yyyy-MM-dd');
    var finishedLabelName = DONE_LABEL_PREFIX+dateStr;
    var alreadyDone = AdWordsApp.labels().withCondition("Name = '"+finishedLabelName+"'").get().hasNext();
    if(alreadyDone) {
      info('All urls have been checked for today.');
      return '';
    }
    var labelIter = AdWordsApp.labels().withCondition("Name STARTS_WITH '"+DONE_LABEL_PREFIX+"'").get();
    while(labelIter.hasNext()) { labelIter.next().remove(); }
      
    debug('Checking for previous urls.');
    var urlsAlreadyChecked = readValidUrlsFromJSON();
    info('Found '+Object.keys(urlsAlreadyChecked).length+' urls already checked.');
      
    var toReportKeywords = [];
    var toReportAds = [];
    var didExitEarly = false;
    var keywordUrls = getKeywordUrls();
    for(var key in keywordUrls) {
      var kwRow = keywordUrls[key];
      var final_urls = kwRow.FinalUrls.split(';');
      for(var i in final_urls) {
        var url = cleanUrl(final_urls[i]);
        verifyUrl(kwRow,url,urlsAlreadyChecked,toReportKeywords);
        if(shouldExitEarly()) { didExitEarly = true; break; }
      }
    }
    if(!didExitEarly) {
      var adUrls = getAdUrls();
      for(var i in adUrls) {
        var adRow = adUrls[i];
        if(adRow.CreativeFinalUrls) {
          var final_urls = adRow.CreativeFinalUrls.split(';');
          for(var x in final_urls) {
            var url = cleanUrl(final_urls[x]);
            verifyUrl(adRow,url,urlsAlreadyChecked,toReportAds);
          }
        }
        if(shouldExitEarly()) { didExitEarly = true; break; }
      }
    }
    var returnData = {
      accountId : AdWordsApp.currentAccount().getCustomerId(),
      accountName : AdWordsApp.currentAccount().getName(),
      uniqueUrlsChecked : Object.keys(urlsAlreadyChecked).length,
      brokenKeywords : toReportKeywords,
      brokenAds : toReportAds,
      didExitEarly : didExitEarly
    };
    if(didExitEarly) {
      writeValidUrlsToJSON(urlsAlreadyChecked);
    } else {
      AdWordsApp.createLabel(finishedLabelName, 'Label created by '+SCRIPT_NAME, '#C0C0C0');
      writeValidUrlsToJSON({});
    }
    return JSON.stringify(returnData);
  } catch(e) {
    // This error handling helps notify you when things don't work out well.
    error(e);
    if(MailApp.getRemainingDailyQuota() >= NOTIFY_ON_ERROR.length) {
      var acctName = AdWordsApp.currentAccount().getName();
      var acctId = AdWordsApp.currentAccount().getCustomerId();
      for(var i in NOTIFY_ON_ERROR) {
        info('Sending mail to: '+NOTIFY_ON_ERROR[i]);
        MailApp.sendEmail(NOTIFY_ON_ERROR[i], 'ERROR: '+SCRIPT_NAME+' - '+acctName+' - ('+acctId+')', e);
      }
    } else {
      error('Out of email quota for the day. Sending a carrier pigeon.'); 
    }
    return '';
  }
    
  function shouldExitEarly() {
    return (AdWordsApp.getExecutionInfo().getRemainingTime() < 60);
  } 
  
  function verifyUrl(row,url,urlsAlreadyChecked,toReport) {
    if(!urlsAlreadyChecked[url]) {
      info('Checking url: ' + url);
      var urlCheckResults = checkUrl(url);
      if(!urlCheckResults.isValid) {
        row['cleanUrl'] = url;
        row['responseCode'] = urlCheckResults.responseCode;
        toReport.push(row);
      }
      urlsAlreadyChecked[url] = urlCheckResults;
    } else {
      if(!urlsAlreadyChecked[url].isValid) {
        row['cleanUrl'] = url;
        row['responseCode'] = urlsAlreadyChecked[url].responseCode;
        toReport.push(row);
      }
    }
  }
  
  function checkUrl(url) {
    var retVal = { responseCode : -1, isValid: false };
    var httpOptions = {
      muteHttpExceptions:true,
      followRedirects:(!REPORT_ON_REDIRECTS)
    };
    try {
      retVal.responseCode = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url, httpOptions).getResponseCode();
      retVal.isValid = isValidResponseCode(retVal.responseCode);
    } catch(e) {
      warn(e.message);
      //Something is wrong here, we should know about it.
      retVal.isValid = false;
    }
    return retVal;
  }
    
  function isValidResponseCode(resp) {
    return (VALID_RESPONSE_CODES.indexOf(resp) >= 0);
  }
    
  //Clean the url of query strings and valuetrack params  
  function cleanUrl(url) {
    if(STRIP_QUERY_STRING) {
      if(url.indexOf('?')>=0) {
        url = url.split('?')[0];
      }
    }
    if(url.indexOf('{') >= 0) {
      //Let's remove the value track parameters
      url = url.replace(/\{[^\}]*\}/g,'');
    }
    return url;
  }
    
  //Use the reporting API to pull this information because it is super fast.
  //The documentation for this is here: http://goo.gl/IfMb31
  function getKeywordUrls() {
    var OPTIONS = { includeZeroImpressions : true };
    var cols = ['CampaignId','CampaignName',
                'AdGroupId','AdGroupName',
                'Id','Criteria','KeywordMatchType',
                'IsNegative','FinalUrls','Impressions'];
    var report = 'KEYWORDS_PERFORMANCE_REPORT';
    var query = ['select',cols.join(','),'from',report,
                 'where CampaignStatus = ENABLED',
                 'and AdGroupStatus = ENABLED',
                 'and Status = ENABLED',
                 'during','LAST_7_DAYS'].join(' ');
    var results = {};
    var reportIter = AdWordsApp.report(query, OPTIONS).rows();
    while(reportIter.hasNext()) {
      var row = reportIter.next();
      if(row.IsNegative === 'true') { continue; }
      if(!row.FinalUrls) { continue; }
      if(row.KeywordMatchType === 'Exact') {
        row.Criteria = ['[',row.Criteria,']'].join('');
      } else if(row.Criteria === 'Phrase') {
        row.Criteria = ['"',row.Criteria,'"'].join('');
      }
      var rowKey = [row.CampaignId,row.AdGroupId,row.Id].join('-');
      results[rowKey] = row;
    }
    return results; 
  }
    
  //Use the reporting API to pull this information because it is super fast.
  //The documentation for this is here: http://goo.gl/8RHTBj
  function getAdUrls() {
    var OPTIONS = { includeZeroImpressions : true };
    var cols = ['CampaignId','CampaignName',
                'AdGroupId','AdGroupName',
                'AdType',
                'Id','Headline','Description1','Description2','DisplayUrl',
                'CreativeFinalUrls','Impressions'];
    var report = 'AD_PERFORMANCE_REPORT';
    var query = ['select',cols.join(','),'from',report,
                 'where CampaignStatus = ENABLED',
                 'and AdGroupStatus = ENABLED',
                 'and Status = ENABLED',
                 'during','TODAY'].join(' ');
    var results = {};
    var reportIter = AdWordsApp.report(query, OPTIONS).rows();
    while(reportIter.hasNext()) {
      var row = reportIter.next();
      if(!row.CreativeFinalUrls) { continue; }
      var rowKey = [row.CampaignId,row.AdGroupId,row.Id].join('-');
      results[rowKey] = row;
    }
    return results;
  }
    
  //This function quickly writes the url data to a file
  //that can be loaded again for the next run
  function writeValidUrlsToJSON(toWrite) {
    var file = getFile(URLS_CHECKED_FILE_NAME,false);
    file.setContent(JSON.stringify(toWrite));
  }
    
  //And this loads that stored file and converts it to an object
  function readValidUrlsFromJSON() {
    var file = getFile(URLS_CHECKED_FILE_NAME,false);
    var fileData = file.getBlob().getDataAsString();
    if(fileData) {
      return JSON.parse(fileData);
    } else {
      return {};
    }
  }
}
  
//This is the callback function that collects all the data from the scripts
//that were run in parallel on each account. More details can be found here:
// http://goo.gl/BvOPZo
function reportResults(responses) {
  var summaryEmailData = [];
  var dateTimeStr = Utilities.formatDate(new Date(), AdWordsApp.currentAccount().getTimeZone(), 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:m:s');
  var spreadsheetName = SPREADSHEET_PREFIX+' - '+dateTimeStr;
  for(var i in responses) {
    if(!responses[i].getReturnValue()) { continue; }
    var res = JSON.parse(responses[i].getReturnValue());
    var sheetUrl = writeResultsToSpreadsheet(res,spreadsheetName);
    summaryEmailData.push({accountId:res.accountId,
                           accountName:res.accountName,
                           didExitEarly:res.didExitEarly,
                           uniqueUrlsChecked:res.uniqueUrlsChecked,
                           numBrokenKeywords:res.brokenKeywords.length,
                           numBrokenAds:res.brokenAds.length,
                           sheetUrl: sheetUrl});
  }
  if(summaryEmailData.length > 0) {
    sendSummaryEmail(summaryEmailData);
  }
    
  function writeResultsToSpreadsheet(res,name) {
    var file = getFile(name,true);
    var spreadsheet;
    var maxRetries = 0;
    while(maxRetries < 3) {
      try {
        spreadsheet = SpreadsheetApp.openById(file.getId());
        break;
      } catch(e) {
        maxRetries++;
        Utilities.sleep(1000);
      }
    }
    if(!spreadsheet) { throw 'Could not open file: '+name; }
    if(spreadsheet.getSheetByName('Sheet1')) {
      spreadsheet.getSheetByName('Sheet1').setName(res.accountId);
    }
    var sheet = spreadsheet.getSheetByName(res.accountId);
    if(!sheet) {
      sheet = spreadsheet.insertSheet(res.accountId, spreadsheet.getSheets().length);
    }
    var toWrite = [['Type','Clean Url','Response Code','Campaign Name','AdGroup Name','Text','Full Url']];
    for(var i in res.brokenKeywords) {
      var row = res.brokenKeywords[i];
      toWrite.push(['Keyword',
                    row.cleanUrl,
                    row.responseCode,
                    row.CampaignName,
                    row.AdGroupName,
                    row.Criteria,
                    row.FinalUrls]); 
    }
    for(var i in res.brokenAds) {
      var row = res.brokenAds[i];
      toWrite.push([row.AdType,
                    row.cleanUrl,
                    row.responseCode,
                    row.CampaignName,
                    row.AdGroupName,
                    (row.Headline) ? [row.Headline,row.Description1,row.Description2,row.DisplayUrl].join('|') : '',
                    row.CreativeFinalUrls]);
    }
    var lastRow = sheet.getLastRow();
    var numRows = sheet.getMaxRows();
    if((numRows-lastRow) < toWrite.length) {
      sheet.insertRowsAfter(lastRow,toWrite.length-numRows+lastRow);
    }
    var range = sheet.getRange(lastRow+1,1,toWrite.length,toWrite[0].length);
    range.setValues(toWrite);
    if((sheet.getMaxColumns() - sheet.getLastColumn()) > 0) {
      sheet.deleteColumns(sheet.getLastColumn()+1, sheet.getMaxColumns() - sheet.getLastColumn());
    }
    file = DriveApp.getFileById(spreadsheet.getId());
    try {
      file.setSharing(DriveApp.Access.ANYONE_WITH_LINK, DriveApp.Permission.VIEW);
    } catch(e) {
      file.setSharing(DriveApp.Access.DOMAIN_WITH_LINK, DriveApp.Permission.VIEW);
    }
    //This gives you a link directly to the spreadsheet sheet.
    return (spreadsheet.getUrl() + '#gid=' + sheet.getSheetId());
  }
    
  //This function builds the summary email and sends it to the people in
  //the NOTIFY list
  //This function builds the summary email and sends it to the people in
  //the NOTIFY list
  function sendSummaryEmail(summaryEmailData) {
    var subject = SCRIPT_NAME+' Summary Results';
    var body = subject;
    var htmlBody = '<html><body>'+subject;
    htmlBody += '<br/ >Should strip query strings: '+STRIP_QUERY_STRING;
    htmlBody += '<br/ >Report on redirects: '+REPORT_ON_REDIRECTS;
    htmlBody += '<br/ >Valid response codes: '+VALID_RESPONSE_CODES;
    htmlBody += '<br/ ><br/ >';
    htmlBody += '<table border="1" width="95%" style="border-collapse:collapse;">';
    htmlBody += '<tr>';
    htmlBody += '<td align="left"><b>Acct Id</b></td>';
    htmlBody += '<td align="left"><b>Acct Name</b></td>';
    htmlBody += '<td align="left"><b>Exited Early</b></td>';
    htmlBody += '<td align="center"><b>Unique Urls Checked</b></td>';
    htmlBody += '<td align="center"><b># Broken Keyword Urls</b></td>';
    htmlBody += '<td align="center"><b># Broken Ad Urls</b></td>';
    htmlBody += '<td align="center"><b>Full Report</b></td>';
    htmlBody += '</tr>';
    for(var i in summaryEmailData) {
      var row = summaryEmailData[i];
      htmlBody += '<tr><td align="left">'+ row.accountId +
                 '</td><td align="left">' + row.accountName + 
                 '</td><td align="left">' + row.didExitEarly + 
                 '</td><td align="center">' + row.uniqueUrlsChecked + 
                 '</td><td align="center">' + row.numBrokenKeywords + 
                 '</td><td align="center">' + row.numBrokenAds + 
                 '</td><td align="left"><a href="'+row.sheetUrl+'">' + 'Show Details' + 
                 '</a></td></tr>';
    }
    htmlBody += '</table>';
    htmlBody += '<br/ >';
    htmlBody += Utilities.formatDate(new Date(),AdWordsApp.currentAccount().getTimeZone(),'MMMM dd, yyyy @ hh:mma z');
    htmlBody += '.  Completed. '+Object.keys(summaryEmailData).length+' Accounts checked.';
    htmlBody += '</body></html>';
    var options = { htmlBody : htmlBody };
    for(var i in NOTIFY) {
      MailApp.sendEmail(NOTIFY[i], subject, body, options);
    }
  }
}
  
//This function finds a given file on Google Drive
//If it does not exist, it creates a new file
//if isSpreadsheet is set, it will create a new spreadsheet
//otherwise, it creates a text file.
function getFile(fileName,isSpreadsheet) {
  var maxRetries = 0;
  var errors = [];
  while(maxRetries < 3) {
    try {
      var fileIter = DriveApp.getFilesByName(fileName);
      if(!fileIter.hasNext()) {
        info('Could not find file: '+fileName+' on Google Drive. Creating new file.');
        if(isSpreadsheet) {
          return SpreadsheetApp.create(fileName);
        } else {
          return DriveApp.createFile(fileName,'');
        }
      } else {
        return fileIter.next();
      }
    } catch(e) {
      errors.push(e);
      maxRetries++;
      Utilities.sleep(1000);
    }
  }
  if(maxRetries == 3) {
    throw errors.join('. ');
  }
}
  
//Some functions to help with logging
var LOG_LEVELS = { 'error':1, 'warn':2, 'info':3, 'debug':4 };
function error(msg) { if(LOG_LEVELS['error'] <= LOG_LEVELS[LOG_LEVEL]) { log('ERROR',msg); } }
function warn(msg)  { if(LOG_LEVELS['warn']  <= LOG_LEVELS[LOG_LEVEL]) { log('WARN' ,msg); } }
function info(msg)  { if(LOG_LEVELS['info']  <= LOG_LEVELS[LOG_LEVEL]) { log('INFO' ,msg); } }
function debug(msg) { if(LOG_LEVELS['debug'] <= LOG_LEVELS[LOG_LEVEL]) { log('DEBUG',msg); } }
function log(type,msg) { Logger.log(type + ' - ' + msg); }

Beginner's Guide to Javascript You Should Know For AdWords Scripts

I've heard from a few readers that the posts on this blog have inspired them to learn to code. That's awesome! But I've also heard from a few that say they have run into trouble getting through many of the Javascript tutorials out there since they deal mostly with Javascript for web design or Node.js.

So this post is going to attempt to get someone up to speed with Javascript enough that they can at least walk through most of the code I post here and make changes when needed. Also, I aim to at least help you know what to Google when you get stuck.

A few caveats. Is this meant to be a replacement for a full coding class? No. Will I be making generalizations and over-simplifying some extremely complex topics? Yes. Are there mistakes in this? Probably. If you find one, let me know.

/*********************************
* Intro to Javascript For AdWords Scripts
* Version 1.0
* Created By: Russ Savage
* FreeAdWordsScripts.com
*********************************/
function main() {
  // This is a comment. AdWords Scripts ignores this
  /* Here is another way to comment
     that can be used when you need
     to comment multiple lines */
  
  // The main function tells AdWords where to start. You always need
  // at least a main function in your script.
  
  // Let's start with some variables (or primatives)
  // More info on Javascript variables can be found:
  // http://www.tutorialspoint.com/javascript/javascript_variables.htm
  var clubName = 'Fight Club'; // declared with single quotes
  var rule1 = "Don't talk about fight club."; // or double quotes if needed
  var members = 12; // a number, no quotes
  var dues = 3.50; // also a number
  var isAcceptingNewMembers = true; // a boolean, for yes or no answers
  
  // When you need to store multiple values, consider an Array
  // More detailed intro to Arrays can be found here:
  // http://www.w3schools.com/js/js_obj_array.asp
  var memberNames = ['brad','edward','robert'];
  // Which you can access the values with an index
  var coolestMember = memberNames[0]; // pronounced member names sub zero
  // 0 is the index of the first element of the array, 1 for the second, etc.
  // We can use the length property of an array to find out how big it is.
  var numberOfMembers = memberNames.length; // this will be 3
  var dailyFights = numberOfMembers*2; // star ( * ) is an operator for multiply
  // so the total number of fights is 6.
  // More on operators can be found here:
  // http://web.eecs.umich.edu/~bartlett/jsops.html
  
  // If you want to group multiple variables together, you can using an Object.
  // An Object is simply a grouping of common variables (and other stuff we'll see later)
  var FightClub = { // The curly brace says group these things together. there is another one at the end.
    clubName : 'The Fight Club', // a string variable. In an Object, we use : instead of = for assignment
    rules : ["Don't talk about fight club.",  // each variable is separated by a comma, instead of a semi-colon
             'Do not talk about fight club.'],
    memberNames : ['brad','eddy','robert','phil','dave'],
    dues : 3.50, 
    foundedYear : 1999
  };
  // Now to access the variables inside the object, we use the dot
  Logger.log(FightClub.clubName); // prints The Fight Club
  Logger.log(FightClub.memberNames[0]); // prints brad
  
  // Objects are one of the most important concepts of Javascript and they will come back
  // again and again a little later. More details can be found here:
  // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_Objects
  
  // Sidebar: Why do I use camelCase for variable names? Technically
  // I could 
  var UsEWhaTevERIwanteD = 'but camelCase is easier to read';
  // and conforms to the style guide that Google recommends:
  // https://google-styleguide.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/javascriptguide.xml#Naming
  // Follow the style guide. It helps others read your code.
  
  // If statements (or control statements) allow you to split your code path if needed
  if(numberOfMembers > 10) { // if we have more than 10 members
    dues += 1.00; // increase the dues, 
    // plus equals (+=) says "add the value on the right to the value on the left"
  } else { // otherwise
    dues -= 1.00; // decrease the dues
    // there are also -=, *= (multiply), /= (divide by), and %= (modulo equals)
  }
  // Comparison operators like >, <, ==, ===, <=, >= allow you to compare values
  // They return true or false, always
  // Notice the double and triple equal signs. That's not a typo. More info can be found at:
  // http://www.impressivewebs.com/why-use-triple-equals-javascipt/
  
  // You can also have multiple if statements and multiple things to test
  if(dues > 5) { // if dues are over $5
    dailyFights++; // increase the fights
  } else if(dues > 2 && dues <= 5) { // if dues are greater than $2, but less than $5
    dailyFights--; // decrease the fights
  } else { // otherwise
    dailyFights = numberOfMembers*2; // reset the fights
  }
  // You'll probably notice none of this makes sense. it is only for example.
  // Double Ampersand && just means AND, || means OR. So in the statement above,
  // both statements with operators must be true in order for the fights to be decreased.
  // Oh, and ++, -- is shortcut for +=1 and -=1 respectively.
  
  // Ok, now lets talk about loops. 
  // Here are a few different ways to loop through the members
  // This is called a While Loop and while it might be easy to understand,
  // You won't use it nearly as often as the other two.
  var i = 0; // the variable i is what we will use for each indice
  while(i < memberNames.length) { // while i is less than the length of names
    Logger.log(memberNames[i]); // print out the name
    i++; // and increment the index by 1
  }
  // i is a variable that controls the loop. A common issue with While loops
  // is that you will forget to increment the loop control and you get an infinate loop
  
  // This is the classic For loop
  // The declaration, checking, and incrementing are all done 
  // in the first line so it is harder to miss them
  for(var index = 0; index < memberNames.length; index++) {
    Logger.log(memberNames[index]);
  }
  
  // And finally, the easiest loop but hardest to explain, the ForEach loop
  // This is just a variation of the For loop that handles incrementing index
  // behind the scenes so you don't have to.
  for(var index in memberNames) { // declare index, which will be assigned each indice
    Logger.log(memberNames[index]); // Use the indice to print each name
  }
  
  // You can jump out of a loop before it reaches the end by combining the if statement
  for(var index in memberNames) { 
    if(memberNames[index] === 'edward') {
      break; // break is a keyword you can use to break out of the loop.
    }
    Logger.log(memberNames[index]); 
  }
  // In this case, only the first name is printed because we broke out once we had the 
  // second name. More on break and its partner, continue, check out:
  // http://www.tutorialspoint.com/javascript/javascript_loop_control.htm
  
  // Now let's talk about functions. We have already seen a function in action: main()
  // Functions are groupings of useful code that you can call over and over again easily
  function fight(player1, player2) {
    if(Math.random() < .5) {
      return player1;
    } else {
      return player2; // return means we are going to send player2 back 
                      // to the code that called the function
    }
  }
  // This code can be called over and over again using a loop
  for(var player1 in memberNames) { // Loop through each member
    for(var player2 in memberNames) { // Then loop through again 
      if(player1 !== player2) { // Players can't fight themselves so check for that
        Logger.log(fight(player1,player2)); // Then call the function we defined earlier
      }
    }
  }
  // This code calls fight() for:
  //    brad vs. edward, brad vs. robert
  //    edward vs. brad, edward vs. robert
  //    robert vs. brad, robert vs. edward
  // Some other functions we have been calling are Logger.log() and Math.random()
  // The cool thing is that as callers of the function, we only need to know how
  // to call the function, we don't need to know how it works behind the scenes
  // For example:
  //   var answer = LargeHadronColider.simulateEleventhDimensionalQuantumThingy(47);
  // Who knows how this works. All we need to know is to send it a number and expect a
  // number back.
  
  // I hope you've been noticing all of the Objects we have been using here. Logger is one,
  // Math is another one (and LargeHadronColider is a fake one). Along with variables, we 
  // can also put functions in there as well:
  var FightClub = { 
    // ... all that other stuff
    chant : function() { 
      Logger.log('His name is Robert Paulson.'); 
    },
    totalMembers : 5
  };
  // Whoa trippy. So what happens when I call 
  FightClub.chant();
  // It's going to print His name is Robert Paulson
  
  // The thing that makes Google AdWords Scripts different from writing just regular Javascript
  // is all of the pre-defined Objects that use functions to interact with AdWords.
  AdWordsApp.currentAccount();
  Utilities.jsonParse('{}');
  AdWordsApp.keywords().withLimit(10).get();
  // How does the above statement work?
  AdWordsApp  // this is a predefined object in AdWords Scripts
    .keywords() // which has a function called keywords() that returns a KeywordSelector object
    .withLimit(10) // which has a function withLimit() that returns the same KeywordSelector object
    .get(); // which has a function get() that returns a KeywordIterator object.
  // Check out the AdWords Scripts documentation to find the objects and classes that make up these calls
  // https://developers.google.com/adwords/scripts/docs/reference/adwordsapp/adwordsapp
  // https://developers.google.com/adwords/scripts/docs/reference/adwordsapp/adwordsapp#keywords_0
  // https://developers.google.com/adwords/scripts/docs/reference/adwordsapp/adwordsapp_keywordselector
  // https://developers.google.com/adwords/scripts/docs/reference/adwordsapp/adwordsapp_keywordselector#withLimit_1
  // https://developers.google.com/adwords/scripts/docs/reference/adwordsapp/adwordsapp_keywordselector#get_0
  
  // So I think that just about does it for this tutorial.  If you made it this far, awesome! Post a comment to ask
  // any questions you might have.
  
  // Thanks,
  // Russ
}